The aging population of Japan Essay Example

The maturing populace of Japan Paper Japan is the most seasoned Nation on the planet. The level of the populace over 65 years is 19. 7%, which is 25. 2 million Japanese. This is higher than the majority of the other maturing nations, for example, Italy 19. 6%, Germany 18. 6%, and France 16. 3%. This rate has expanded radically since 1950 when it was 4. 9% and it is required to arrive at 36. 5% by 2050. This clearly hugy affect the over all reliance proportion. 1 The normal future in Japan is 81. 6 (77. 9 for guys and for 85. 1 for females). In 2002 Japan was recorded to have the most elevated future contrasted with other created nations, for example, USA, 77. 1 and Switzerland 79. 1. Japan, a nation which had a future underneath most created nations in the 1950, 63. 9, (mostly because of World War II) has made advances in clinical innovation and upgrades in sanitation. The expansion as of late is additionally due the way that there havent been any significant flare-ups of influenza or different irresistible maladies. Japans future is relied upon to increment to 88. 1 constantly 2050. Japan is getting more established and is losing its childhood. The level of youngsters matured 0-14 will be 14% of the whole populace in 2005. This figure is gradually is gradually diminishing and has been for a long time (1950s rate was 35. 4%). This is a result of the diminished fruitfulness; individuals are excessively occupied and choose to have kids late. Japanese individuals work 1966 hours per year that is around 300 a larger number of long stretches of work than the Germans, who chip away at normal 1590 hours out of every year. 2 More and more ladies are accepting advanced education, 48% of the ladies proceed to advanced education though just 42% of the men go on to advanced education. Ladies who find a new line of work and go on to higher wages dont need to get hitched and provided that they dont get hitched they assemble rank subsequently getting more compensation. We will compose a custom article test on The maturing populace of Japan explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on The maturing populace of Japan explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on The maturing populace of Japan explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer (The beginning compensation for people is about the equivalent) 3 In the 1950s Japan had a populace pyramid like the creating nations of today which is called far reaching. Its populace at that point was 83. 2 million. It had a huge base to the smaller than expected time of increased birth rates somewhere in the range of 1947 and 1949. In spite of the fact that there was an altogether enormous fall in every one of the upward age bunches because of high passing rates and short future. The setback in the age bunch 30-39 was because of the losses of World War II. Japans populace pyramid began to look increasingly like a created nation in the years to come; the base decreased and the future rose quickly. Japans populace pyramid of 2000, is like most creating nations despite the fact that it may before long dive into the following stage very soon. Sweden which has arrived at a phase farther than most created nations has fruitfulness as low as Japan. Sweden which once had one of the most noteworthy ripeness rates is currently falling quickly. Its populace in 2000 was 126. 9 million (progressively exact populace pyramid for 2000 at end of the exposition). The number of inhabitants in Japan has not begun to decrease yet in spite of the fact that it will undoubtedly happen very soon. The populace became only 0. 17% in 2002. In the event that the development rate keeps on contracting at its present pace the populace will arrive at its top constantly 2007. Additionally by 2007 the level of individuals maturing over 65 will arrive at 20%, it will be the main nation to do as such. This is Japans populace pyramid forecast for 2050. Its populace will have begun to decay significantly. More than 33% of the populace will be over 65 though just 13% of the populace will be underneath 15 years. By then Japan would have experienced a few issues because of its maturing network. Demographers have anticipated that 36. 5% of the populace will be 65+. This is a national normal; a few areas in Japan will have a low maturing populace while others will have a high maturing populace. It has likewise been anticipated that by 2025 there will be networks where 80%+ of the populace is 65 and over. This is additionally reflected in the middle period of Japans populace is moderately high contrasted with different nations, 42. 8. This clearly has an effect on the reliance proportion. At this moment the old reliance apportion alone (kid reliance proportion is with kids under 15) is about 30%. That would mean three working age individuals would need to help one senior. This is anticipated to increment quickly in the coming years. In 2050 demographers anticipate that the reliance proportion should be three individuals from the working populace to help two older individuals. Duty incomes will mess up the working populace, which hence make issues for the administration in light of its colossal shortfall. .. There are a few different ways the legislature could control the maturing populace, despite the fact that this would cost a great deal. I believe that the legislature ought to give motivating forces to huge families, at least two youngsters so the populace should increment gradually and accordingly expanding the adolescent populace, raising fruitfulness. This in spite of the fact that take quite a while, and couples would must have time to take for the kids and the long periods of work would need to be decreased. The Government have been attempting to diminish number of hours worked a year so individuals that have more opportunity to go through with their kids. Another plan to build the youthful populace and have individuals have more youngsters is import individuals from creating nations (presumably talented with the goal that they would have the option to step up to Japanese principles or they may very well have individuals to accomplish common work). This would most likely have an effect on the populace, the individuals originating from outside would have bigger families, despite the fact that the remaining burden is hard in light of the fact that they accept that they ought to have a great deal of youngsters, along these lines expanding the under 15 populace. There is likewise the negative actuality that the youthful ages may begin bring overwhelmingly outsiders. It the populace is maturing and it is difficult to adapt to, at that point they should move, trade the maturing individuals out, which has been going on as of late. This would lessen the assessment incomes on elderly folks individuals, and make the populace more youthful. This obviously difficult to do because of the cost expected to move the elderly folks individuals and so forth. Expanding retirement age won't in principle influence the maturing populace; it would simply lessen charges for senior. In spite of the fact that this may have a physiological effect on the populace and they may consider having kids. The populace may value working for an additional 10 years or more, and henceforth it is difficult to pass such a law. Individuals may be getting hitched, or living respectively and be explicitly dynamic however kids are not being conceived in light of contraceptives and premature birth. Fetus removal ought to be made unlawful, causing individuals to have kids in the event that they are pregnant. This probably won't have an extraordinary effect on the populace, yet it may balance out the under 15 populace or may even gradually increment. The issue is that if Japan proceeds with like this and doesnt have more youngsters and the level of individuals more than 65 increments at a consistent speed, the reliance proportion will be a one point is near balanced. This imply the legislature won't have the option to raise charge incomes to make the working populace bolster the older folks, however rather the populace over 65 should bolster themselves, get their own drugs. This implies the current working populace should fire setting aside up cash in light of the fact that the administration wont have the option to pay for them. In this manner the working populace wont have the option to burn through cash on kids and stay childless, diminishing the populace. (Didnt utilize this diagram since you couldnt see the marks taking things down a notch). Nation Year Child-reliance proportion Elderly-reliance ratioTotal reliance proportion Median age (years) Â http://esa. un. organization/unpp/list. asp? panel=2 (2005) 2 http://www. mofa. go. jp/j_info/japan/socsec/ogawa. html 3 http://www. mofa. go. jp/j_info/japan/socsec/ogawa. html Pictures-http://www. hino. meisei-u. air conditioning. jp/econ/fnet/indexi. html.

Impact of Globalization on Cultures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Effect of Globalization on Cultures - Essay Example These nations import this work from poor countries through globalization at no or next to no cost (Effland et al, 2008). Moreover, globalization has prompted savage serious worldwide markets that lead business dishonestly. Besides, through globalization, the psychological oppressors have accessed numerous nations including America and charged deadly assaults. Most fundamentally, globalization has prompted the sabotaging of the indigenous culture by western experiences through demonstrations of colonization and government. Accordingly, colonized states are currently inclined to social attack subject to the quieted social bewilderment. Simultaneously, the free creation, dissemination, and utilization of social products and enterprises has adversely prompted commercialization of culture. Besides, globalization has prompted the spread of quick nourishments over the world prompting antagonistic wellbeing impacts. By the by, the positive effects of globalization on culture override the neg ative contacts with a tremendous edge. In the clinical field, the effect of globalization is interchangeable. It influences the medicinal services administrations and the social insurance experts. There is advantageous development of patients starting with one nation then onto the next looking for better and less expensive wellbeing administrations. For instance, a few nations like India offer less expensive and expert careful administrations than the US thus prompting clinical the travel industry (International Society for Quality in Health Care, 2005). This program pulls in numerous advantages to the patients who can't manage the cost of costly treatment in their nations of origin. We similarly have the free development of clinical expert starting with one nation then onto the next for reasons for rendering treatment and looking for better compensation. In any case, this... This exposition supports that the positive effect of globalization is the spread of training where all sexual orientations would now be able to look for advanced education from the best instructive offices on the planet. In the ongoing occasions, we have seen numerous individuals from poor people and creating countries seek after their training in the created nations like the US. Essentially, people would now be able to get to online instruction through the web. Besides, globalization permits the spread of skill and advancements from the created country to the creating countries. Strikingly, the spread of clinical developments is huge in agreeing better treatment to all countries. Likewise, there has been significant combination of culture, conservation of culture, brisk access to different social legacies through the web in view of globalization. Globalization has similarly prompted the presentation of excellent merchandise in the market, new ventures, and resulting financial develo pment. The presentation of new businesses further makes work and venture openings in the creating countries. This report makes an end that globalization advances the speculation and capital streams where nations like India that pull in outside venture along these lines giving created nations like US wise venture suggestion. In issues of security, globalization helps world security in that the worldwide official courtrooms and the comprehension between the security organizations of reference nations permits the capturing of fear mongers from their rear outs along these lines controling worldwide psychological oppression.

Why I Dont Believe in God free essay sample

Why I Do Not Believe in God In this paper, I will officially and thoughtfully talk about the contentions presented by Thomas Aquinas and utilize my very own sentiments and encounters to clarify my conflicts with Aquinas and why I don't put stock in the presence of God. Regardless of whether God exists is a contention that has been continuous since the absolute soonest rationalists took it up many years back. Numerous scholars have expressed contentions on this theme, from Thomas Aquinas to David Hume to St. Anselm. Right up 'til the present time, it is one of, if not the most, discussed points. St. Thomas Aquinas is a prominent savant known for his experimental contentions for the presence of God. Despite the fact that Aquinas presented numerous contentions for this, I will talk about and clarify the teleological contention. This contention is based upon the possibility that numerous things on the planet which we live display request and measures. We will compose a custom paper test on Why I Dont Believe in God or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Aquinas attests that where there is a high request, for example, these, there must be an unrivaled architect or designer who set up and upholds such a request. As per Aquinas, this is whom we allude to as God. My issues with Aquinas contention most intently follow those of David Hume, the later logician who censured Aquinas affirmations. On the off chance that God were an ideal maker, he would need to make an ideal world for his animals to live in. An omnibenevolent God would not need wickedness to exist, but then it does through both malevolence activities of individuals and common indecencies, for example, typhoons, tornadoes, and other catastrophic events. Furthermore, numerous characteristic laws exist that can effectsly affect humanity despite everything exist, (for example, tumbling from the impacts of gravity), and we are presented with these impacts in spite of as far as anyone knows having a God who is omnibenevolent and mnipotent. What's more, it doesn't appear to bode well that God would not make each animal consummately, as opposed to have some be prevalent than others. Despite the fact that I was brought up in a Christian family unit and went to chapel oftentimes while growing up, my convictions have moved as I have become more seasoned in light of the fact that I have not experienced God firsthand or in an immediate manner. As of late, I didn't know precisely what my position on Gods presence was. At the point when I learned of and examined David Humes nullification of Aquinas contention, it hardened my contemplations. I concur most legitimately with Humes purpose of an ideal God not making an ideal world and the sort of torment and enduring this forces. I myself, and horde others, have had friends and family die after long fights with malignancy or other savage, tormenting illnesses. From individual experience, it makes one inquiry the presence of a higher force since it doesn't appear to be correct that a God who should cherish his manifestations so much would get them through such hardships. It isn't sensical, and is disappointing to those whom, similar to me, have been in the circumstance. In a nutshell summation, I don't have confidence in the presence of God. My very own encounters notwithstanding David Humes all around contemplated philosophical contention have prompted this end. Thomas Aquinas contention for Gods presence misses the mark with me in that an ideal maker ought not permit such awful things to happen on Earth that do † wars, starvations, illness, murder and different violations, and so forth. A God, for example, the one talked about in this contention that is as far as anyone knows supreme and omnibenevolent particularly ought not permit these things to occur, but then we as a world tace them day by day.

Recent Trends In Mobile Technology Wireless Networks - 1375 Words

Recent Trends In Mobile Technology: Wireless Networks (Research Paper Sample) Content: 0010000010000012/5/2015centercentercentercenter Recent Trends in Mobile Technology900000 Recent Trends in Mobile TechnologyContents TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u 1Rationale PAGEREF _Toc437159772 \h 31.1Problem domain PAGEREF _Toc437159773 \h 31.2Purpose and justification PAGEREF _Toc437159774 \h 32Sponsor or Supervisor recommendation PAGEREF _Toc437159775 \h 43Research Questions PAGEREF _Toc437159776 \h 44Conceptual or Theoretical Framework PAGEREF _Toc437159777 \h 45Methodology PAGEREF _Toc437159778 \h 55.1Research and Systems Development method(s) PAGEREF _Toc437159779 \h 55.2Data collection PAGEREF _Toc437159780 \h 65.3Compliance Requirements (Workplace, Industry or Government regulations) PAGEREF _Toc437159781 \h 65.4Analysis of data PAGEREF _Toc437159782 \h 66Project Plan PAGEREF _Toc437159783 \h 66.1Deliverables PAGEREF _Toc437159784 \h 66.2Work breakdown structure (WBS) PAGEREF _Toc437159785 \h 66.3Risk Analysis PAGEREF _Toc437159786 \h 66.4Gantt chart PAGEREF _Toc437159787 \h 77References PAGEREF _Toc437159788 \h 8RationaleProblem domainThis project involves understanding of the usage and applications of the 4G LTE mobile networking technology so that higher speeds with better efficiency can be gained by mobile users at lower costs of networking. The system would be installed in the University campus as an enterprise system which would be used by all students and faculties.Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 1: Wireless network technologiesWireless technologies can be used for connecting two different devices without the need of manual connection through the use of wires. Wireless networks can be Personal area networks such as Bluetooth, Local Area Networks such as Wi-Fi or wide area networks such as CDMS or GSM. with increasing use of devices connected over wide area networks, demands increased for enhancement in capabilities and services provided through WWAN and as a result new technologies emerged starting from CDMA to EV-DO to LTE. LTE is the 4G wireless technology that can be operated at peak speeds of 100 Mbps for downlink and 50 Mbps downlink with average user throughput of 12 Mbps for downlink and 5 Mbps for Uplink CITATION Ver09 \l 16393 (Verizon Wireless, 2009).Purpose and justificationMobile network technologies are increasingly being used by mobile users and with smart phone technologies , use of internet and data has become a common usage pattern. At this point, consumers look for good speed of internet which consumes higher amount of data which incurs heavy charges. There is a latent demand of consumers to reduce their data charges while at the same time, surf internet on mobile at higher speeds. What mobile consumers of today are looking for is high data transfer speed, fast response times , better capacity of networks at low costs.4G LTE offers the three benefits with higher bandwidth, lower latency, improved efficiency of spectrum at lower costs. In United States, LTE has been used and productivity imp rovements have been seen and users were able to cut costs on usage. As compared old technology of Wi-Fi, 4G LTE technology allows fully-mobile application usage, improves convenience, and ensure more secure networks. When used for enterprise applications, 4G LTE has certain benefits such as better customer service, better team productivity, more effective management, improved process efficiency, cost reduction, and improved flexibility and decision making CITATION Art12 \l 16393 (Little, 2012).Sponsor or Supervisor recommendationThe university is the sponsor organization that would fund the project involving development of 4G LTE enterprise system for the college students and faculties. The sponsor recommends to receive following benefits through this installation: * The internet must support rich multimedia formats for creative learning of students such as voice and video * The internet must provide high speed data connection of 20 Mbps with higher capacity of surfing at a bandwid th of 20MHz at the frequency band of 8GHz. * The solution must remain cost effective to the organization considering its data requirements * The enterprise solution should provide a seamless switching capability between variety of services provided by the university * The system should provide real time internet services that are guaranteed and controlled CITATION Ver12 \l 16393 (Verizon Wireless, 2012)Research QuestionsThere are some objectives of the research that can be determined using following research questions: * How does 4G LTE network works in an enterprise setting? * What benefits can 4G LTE provide to the university upon installation? * What would be the requirements of the 4G LTE Networks? * How can 4G LTE Network be installed in the university CITATION Ver121 \l 16393 (Verizon Wireless, 2012)?Conceptual or Theoretical FrameworkA research can be defined as a systematic study of subject which is directed towards scientific investigation. A research can take the flow fr om problem identification, hypothesis development, analysis and argument development. A system development research usually makes use of combination of research methods that are included in research methodologies and research domains.Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 2: Research FrameworkThus, system research can be a combination of - basic and applied that involves development and testing of theories using hypothesis development; scientific and engineering that involves confirmation of theoretical predictions using experiments; evaluative and developmental that takes a problem solving approach; research and development that makes use of scientific knowledge to develop processes and prototypes; and Formative research that involves development of hypothesis for problem identification and verification CITATION Num91 \l 16393 (Numanaker, Chen, Purdin, 1991).MethodologyResearch and Systems Development method(s)System development can be used as a methodology for researching information syst ems. An integrated approach can be taken involving building of theories, development of systems, experimentation and observation. There are several system development methodologies that can be used for developing the 4G LTE Enterprise system for the University and these include: * Waterfall model which follows steps in a linear sequence * Prototyping which involves development and testing of selected parts of the system before the complete system is installed * Incremental developments that combines the linear development method with iterative processes by diving process steps into smaller segments * Spiral development also combined linear and iterative systems but the process is also divided into cycles such that every cycle adds improvements from previous cycle analysis CITATION Fra99 \l 16393 (Burstein Gregor, 1999) * Rapid Application Development is an iterative method used for delivery high quality system with low investments and in less time CITATION CMS08 \l 16393 (CMS, 2 008)The development of 4G LTE would make use of the incremental development method for it reduces risks and presents combined benefits of the two approaches including sequence and iteration.Data collectionData collection can be done using different methods such as participant observation, interviews through survey questions, and past documents containing textual data. In this research, the secondary documents would be used for data collection to understand the development essentials and requirements. These documents would include research reports, conference documents, memoires, presentations, and LTE system development manuals.Analysis of dataThe data would be explored using contextual analysis in which relationships between different themes identified along with the sequencing of events would be studied and explained using narrative.Project Plan

The Idea of Antithesis in Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet...

The Idea of Antithesis in Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet In this essay I am going to look at how antitheses are a big part and how they are central to Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet. There are many antitheses and oxymorons in the play and I will be examining how they are used and how they drive the play on, entertaining and involving the audience. There are so many examples of opposites in the play, covering language, characters, scenes and backgrounds, focusing in the main on the central theme throughout the play of love and hate. The first and main opposite we encounter in the play is love and hate, in act 1 scene 1 although a trace of all the opposites are always present throughout the†¦show more content†¦Once they marry they believe they are at the peak of the wheel of fortune, until fate closes in and makes havoc upon the couple, in the form of Tybalts anger. Therefore do nimble-pointed doves draw love, and therefore hath the wind-swift cupid wings. This shows us that the roll of fate between Romeo and Juliet is expected to turn love into death. Romeo does not want to follow fate and tries to escape it. Then I defy you stars. He is displaying his free will and going against fate but in the play nearly always fate wins over freewill, for example the last scenes where Romeo and Juliet eventually die. Fate has overpowered their freewill no matter how strong they might be. Another opposite which features throughout the play is youth and wisdom. For example in act 2 scene 5 between Juliet and the nurse I would hadst my bones and thy news, nay come I pray thee speak Juliet displays her youth and her naivety. She is almost begging for the nurse to speak. This sort of language you would expect from a young girl who is impatient and in love. It gives out an image in which you can see two people bickering away at each other. Shakespeare may have used the youth of the character to make a stereotypical young person which enlightens the play up, giving a kind of humorous outcome to the scene because of the differences between a wise and mature womanShow MoreRelatedShakespeares Use of Imagery and Symbolism to Create Dramatic Tension in Romeo and Juliet1606 Words   |  7 PagesShakespeares Use of Imagery and Symbolism to Create Dramatic Tension in Romeo and Juliet William Shakespeares play Romeo and Juliet is set in 16th Century Verona. It concerns two main characters, Romeo and Juliet, and their fight to keep their love and themselves alive. Romeo and Juliet are the only children of two feuding aristocratic families, the Capulets and the Montagues. At a party held by Lord Capulet, the two meet and instantaneously fall in love. Read MoreDifferences in the Tragedies of Romeo and Juliet and Hamlet by William Shakespeare1621 Words   |  7 Pagesintellect while also having physical strength. 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In addition to Shakespeare, Herman MelvilleRead MoreJuliets Growth Since the Start of William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet2533 Words   |  11 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet The play â€Å"Romeo and Juliet was written in approximately 1595, by William Shakespeare. It is set in Venice, Italy, in Venetian society women played little role in anything other than to be a wife to their husband and a mother. This is why many Venetian women married at such an early age. The play is about 2 families whom are separated by a long forgotten ancient feud. Throughout the play of ‘Romeo and Juliet’ we see Juliet emergingRead MoreA Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare Essay2727 Words   |  11 Pagestheme within his plays, this is shown in plays such as Romeo and Juliet, Much Ado About Nothing, Twelfth Night, and A Midsummer Nights Dream. He uses love repeatedly throughout his plays, as it is a universal feeling to which all can relate. People on every social level find his plays relevant and can often form an empathetic relationship with at least one of the characters. This in particular is why Shakespeares play, A Midsummer Nights Dream revolves aroundRead MoreStudy Guide Literary Terms7657 Words   |  31 Pagesobjects, persons, and actions in a narrative, are equated with the meanings that lie outside the narrative itself. The underlying meaning has moral, social, religious, or political significance, and characters are often personifications of abstract ideas as charity, greed, or envy. Thus an allegory is a story with two meanings, a literal meaning and a symbolic meaning 4. allusion- A reference in one literary work to a character or theme found in another literary work. T. S. Eliot, in The

Application Of Ich Q9 As A Systemic Process For The...

Introduction ICH Q9 (Quality Risk Management-QRM) is a systemic process for the assessment, control, communication and risk review to the quality of the medicinal product. Application of QRM can be done by both proactively and retrospectively. It was adopted by European Union and PIC/S†¡ in Annex 20 of EU and PIC/S GMP guides. In pharmaceutical industry, Quality System is important criteria and QRM is a valuable component of an effective quality system. The QRM should ensure that the evaluation of the quality risk is based on some criteria like knowledge about science, experience with the different process and ultimately links to the protection of patient. It also ensures the effort level, formality and documentation of the QRM process is appropriate with the level of risk. Product quality should be maintained throughout the product lifecycle such that the attributes as it is important to the quality of the drug product which remain consistent with those used in the clinical studies. It can further ensure the quality of drug product to the patient by providing a proactive means to identify and control potential quality issues during development and manufacturing. It can facilitate better and more informed decisions, and can beneficially affect the extent and level of direct regulatory oversight. Guidance to ICH Q9 provides principles and tools for QRM which can be applied to different aspects of pharmaceutical quality includes development, manufacturing, inspection and

Post Colonial Theory- Extended Definition Essay free essay sample

Theory- Extended Definition Essay During the late twentieth century, many literary critics had an important focus on understanding cultural power. They began investigating a more multicultural canon, and discovered the lack of perspectives from the formerly colonized people on European colonization. European colonialism was centered on racial inferiority and extreme otherness. In history the colonized people are seen as the losers and the colonizers are the winners. Postcolonial critics are trying to restore the culture, dignity, identities, and history of the colonized. Colonizers believed they were sophisticated, civilized, and metropolitan. They defined the colonized people as being savage, backward, and undeveloped. Furthermore Europeans believed their culture was highly advanced and they tried to implement stereotypes against the colonized people. Postcolonial theory assumes that the colonized people are being treated as the Other. Postcolonial theory examines how the colonized people are voiceless and how they are inferior to the colonizers. Postcolonial critics are mainly concerned with literature written in the Anglo-European culture often distorts the experiences of the colonized people, and attempts to articulate more pride in the face of colonization. Postcolonial theory focuses on conveying the complete story of colonization specifically by Europeans, rather than blaming them for their wrong doings in history. Postcolonial theory states that Anglo-European countries created the dominant ideology that served to â€Å"other† the colonized people by making the same them seem inferior and dependent. Postcolonial critics question the legacy of Western influence in their colonized countries because of the negative aspects of discrimination towards the natives. In the book Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, the white missionaries created division within the most basic element of Ibo society, their religion and made it easier for them to establish themselves and their government in Umuofia. When the missionaries arrived in Mbanta the village people gathered around them and the white man said â€Å"All the gods you have named are not gods at all† (146). The white man is claiming that the Umuofians worship false gods and they are nothing at all. Their religion was the foundation of their society and kept them together with a strong faith. The Christians argue that the village people are ignorant because he states that their gods are merely â€Å"pieces of wood and stone† (146). The white man’s words are significant because he emphasizes that their society is based on false gods made out of wood and stone. His words also indicate that since their gods are made by stone and wood, they are completely harmless and cannot do anything to stop the missionaries. The goal of their early colonization is to tear apart the fundamental reason that keeps the Ibo society together, which is their religion and strong faith in their ancestors. Therefore they can control the natives easily because they are not united, and implement their religion and culture. The white man continues with his speech and states â€Å"They are gods of deceit who tell you to kill your fellows and destroy innocent children† (146). The white man is making a statement accusing the natives of being savages that go through life killing each other. The natives are undeveloped because they have un-human like traditions and customs. The white man is making a crucial statement to the village people that they are significantly different and have worthless gods, traditions, and customs. In other words the white men believe in the master narrative that he is superior and has the right to colonize them. European colonizers used extreme othering through criticizing their religious beliefs and attacking their traditional beliefs in order to successfully colonize â€Å"the Other†. Upon Okonkwo’s return to Umuofia he talked to Obierika on the presence of the Christian people and he says â€Å"Our clan can no longer act like one† (176). Okonkwo believes that the tribe’s foundations have been broken down by the Christian religion. He believes that his people no longer have a strong faith in their gods. Therefore the village people have now come out of their ignorance and joined the white man’s religion and government. Okonkwo then says â€Å"He has put a knife on the things that held us together and we have fallen apart† (176). When the tribe has fallen apart and the missionaries have successfully created a separation that has made it easier for them to govern the people, colonization has fully begun. The white men haved caused to fall apart because they are more clever and advanced mentally and technologically than the natives. Since the tribe can no longer protect their way of life, the white man will enforce his own way of life on the people. Later in the story the tribe leaders are arrested by the District Commissioner, he states clearly â€Å"That must not happen in the dominion of our queen, the most powerful ruler in the world† (194). The white man have fully established their government, making it the sole power in Umuofia and the most powerful. The tribes’ laws have no significance at this point and the Christians are now using their fatherland’s laws. The white men are taking advantage of the natives and the colonized people are not powerful enough to fight back against the colonizers. Postcolonial critics have seen a continuous pattern in history that shows the struggle of the colonized people to fight back against oppression. Postcolonial theory looks at how Anglo- European powers oppressed the colonized people by not giving them the power to define and rule themselves. During Okonkwo’s exile Umuofia changed drastically, the white men â€Å"built a court where the District Commissioner judged cases of ignorance† (174). The missionaries began with trying to spread Christianity and then slowly established their judicial system. The significance of building a court is that the laws favored the white man and not the natives. The natives are put in an inferior position because they cannot defeat the power of the white man and are forced to follow their rules. The white men are allowed to use the laws of their fatherland while the natives are being oppressed which does not allow them the same. When the village people gathered in the market to discuss what to do with the white man, the court messengers interrupt and say â€Å"The white man whose power you know to well has ordered this meeting to stop† (204). Part of people being able to define themselves is having freedom of speech. The natives wanted to lash out against colonization in their own private meeting. History has shown that when the colonized people are organized and ready to rebel against the colonizers, they become weaker and outnumbered. The white men are taking a given right away from the colonized people, which is a major part of oppression. By not allowing the natives to have the power to rule themselves, the white man can successfully colonize and stay in their superior position. Postcolonial critics are concerned that literature written in the colonizing cultures often distorts the realities and experiences of the colonized. To conclude the book the District Commissioner is thinking about writing a book on African tribes and including a paragraph about Okonkwo, he says â€Å"There was so much else to include, and one must be firm in cutting details† (209). His intentions were to talk about Okonkwo as a coward and a fool who hanged himself. This would be leaving out the most significant details about Okonkwo who was a fierce man, highly praised, elite, and one of the greatest men in Umuofia. By leaving those essential details this would be creating an incomplete identity of the man Okonkwo. Okonkwo killed himself because of the oppression by the white man and how colonization ruined his great tribe, brothers, and home. The District Commissioner’s book The Pacification of the Primitive Tribes of the Lower Niger would be distorting the significant legacy of the great man Okonkwo. Chimamanda Adichie said in her TED talk on the danger of a single story that we risk a critical misunderstanding. In other words if we accept the single story of the colonized, the consequences are that we are robbed of our dignity and we fall for these stereotypes. The single story creates a one-sided perspective that all colonized people are savage, undeveloped, and inferior to the dominant white race. This story has transformed history and has given people a false story. If people reject the single story and realize that the single story is incomplete, there will no longer be any false views of a certain of a group people. Postcolonial theory is not intended to make the colonizers feel bad, rather states the complete story. Critics are trying to change the master narrative and are concerned with rewriting the wrong doings towards the colonized people. The goal is to balance perspectives from both sides in order to have a fair and just story on colonization. The African proverb â€Å"Until the lion tell his side of the story, the tale will always glorify the hunter† examines how the history and culture of the Africans that are told by Africans is non-existent in history. The colonized people do not have their stories told because they were passed down orally from generation to generation. Therefore the victors of European colonization who are the colonizers have created their own perspective on Africans and implemented it into history. Postcolonial theory overlooks their perspective and digs deep into the true realities, experiences, and stories of the colonized people. Postcolonial Theory focuses on correcting the dominant ideology that the colonized people are the â€Å"Other†, how they do not have the power to define themselves, and how European literature distorts the experiences of the colonized. The purpose of postcolonial theory it to recover the lost history, dignity, validity, cultural contributions of the people colonized by Europeans. For example in Things Fall Apart, Achebe details the strife and devastation that happened when the British colonizers began settling in Umuofia. He points out the negative aspects thats caused shifting identity and culture of the Umuofians, which was caused by the oppressing white men that imposed their western religion on the people. Postcolonial criticism question the role of western cultures and religions in â€Å"third world countries† with people that are seen as undeveloped and inferior. They question the single story against the colonized that has been represented in European literature throughout history. History is always written by the victors, and in most cases it is the colonizers. Due to the â€Å"othering† of the colonized people by the Europeans, postcolonial theory works to recover their lost voices, establish equality, and bring justice to them.